“Do not be angry with the rain; it simply does not know how to fall upwards.”

― Vladimir Nabokov

Keeping in line of the Russian born – American novelist, poet and critic Vladimir Nabokov, volume 4, number 3 of our journal ‘Towards Unification of Sciences,’ without getting angry nor wet in the monsoon rain, comes out spot-less with six excellent papers. The first three maintain a reality-oriented mass-space interpretation inside modern physics, the fourth one continues giving ancient Indian thoughts profusely contributing to the field of astronomy, chemistry and metallurgy, the fifth one begins on consciousness, and the last one closes in computation of ‘Kriya Yoga’. 

Like the previous issues, Prof. Bishnu Charanabinda Mohanty contributes the first three papers titled: ‘A Reality-Oriented Philosophical Framework for Modern Physics’, ‘Reality Based analysis of Relativistic Dynamics’, and ‘Energy as a Relational Property: A Mass–Space Interpretation of Nature.’ In the first paper, the author argues that because of excessive dependence of modern physics on abstract mathematical formalism, an understanding-gap is emerging between macro-domain and micro-domain physics. He emphasizes that the universe is fundamentally constituted of two formless physical realities such as mass and space, while all other observable entities are mass-space integral systems possessing form and form-based properties. Then, based on this principle, he critically re-examines the prevailing physical concepts and provides reality-based interpretations for each of them, and finally suggests that this may help reduce the growing understanding-gap between conceptual physics and mathematical physics, thereby contributing towards a more unified understanding of science and nature. The second paper also presents a reality-based interpretation, and that too involves the formless physical realities of mass and space, though the subject matter shifts to relativistic dynamics. In the beginning of the paper, the author questions some of the hypotheses, assumptions, and mathematical axioms lack physical conceptualization and therefore, they may represent only an abstract description of an underlying reality-based process. Then, he proceeds to provide a reality-based interpretation of relativistic dynamics by introducing a structured physical space medium and velocity-dependent field–particle interactions as the underlying cause of the observed resistance to acceleration at high velocities and by considering the reduction of effective field coupling and interaction cross-section as velocity approaches the speed of light, he derives a mathematical expression that assumes a form equivalent to the relativistic force equation. The third paper is also another reality-based interpretation involving physical realities of mass and space. However, it develops a qualitative interpretation of energy applicable across macro, micro and micro-micro domains of nature. Here, the energy is interpreted not as an independently existing substance, but as a relational property arising from differential state conditions of matter relative to a chosen frame of reference. Then, through a generalized mass-space framework in which interaction processes arise from non-equilibrium distributions of mass and space, this interpretation attempts to provide a unified conceptual basis for attraction, repulsion and charge neutralization phenomena. The author concludes that, even though, these papers remain conceptual oriented and requires substantial mathematical and experimental development before its physical validity can be evaluated rigorously, nevertheless, the approach emphasizes that the qualitative realization of physical reality always logically precedes the quantitative formalization.

The title of the fourth paper is ‘Ancient Indian Contribution to the Field of Astronomy, Chemistry and Metallurgy.’ The author Prof. Niranjan Barik is publishing, in this journal, a series of papers highlighting how the free-flowing ideas and thoughts in the ancient Indian civilization has contributed to all possible subject areas. In the last issue he covered Mathematics and Physics, and the present paper deals with Astronomy, Chemistry and Metallurgy. Citing the oldest known text Vedanga Jyotisha, he narrates the lunar and solar months including the constellations according to the rules established for empirical observations. He then cites the various treatises written and the instruments used by various astronomers at various time periods, many of which are now available at public observatories for public view, and prove that ancient India flourished in the field of astronomy. He then cites how ancient India mastered in chemical industries such as dyeing, tanning, soap making, glass and cement making. Chemistry strengthened Metallurgy and the ancient Indian metallurgists also made significant contributions, starting from the Damascus sword to high carbon steel, corrosion free iron castings and metallic zinc extraction, to deserve their place along with other great civilizations. The fifth one is my paper titled ‘Consciousness: According to Indian Philosophy-1,’ which is the beginning of another series of small reviews on consciousness. It starts with a discussion of consciousness according to Hindu philosophy specifically that related to cosmology and evolution, and presents the views of three Indian scholars, namely, Sir Sarvepaali Radhakrishnan, Swami Vivekananda and Sri Aurobindo. While Radhakrishnan found the creation of the world an accident, though real with its formation at four stages of matter, life, mind and spirit, the last two being linked to consciousness; Vivekananda opined that the creation of the universe was part of a continuous cyclic process, not by a personal God, but by nature (prakriti), and, consciousness exists in all matter as part of the cosmic intelligence; and finally, Sri Aurobindo provided an integral cosmology, with an eleven-tier consciousness structure, and a theoretical framework that can unite science and spirituality through synthesis of knowledge. The last paper is titled ‘What Really Happens Inside the Body During Kriya Yoga? A Computational Investigation (Part1).’ This paper is authored by Dr. Archana Mukherjee and her three co-authors and presents the breath-centred self-regulatory principles of ‘Kriya Yoga’, through a computational systems framework designed to examine coordinated physiological regulation. They have introduced the Multi-Modal Phase Coherence Index (MPCI) to quantify large-scale coordination across interacting respiratory, neural, autonomic, endocrine, and cognitive-emotional oscillators under biologically realistic conditions. Finally, they have concluded that the proposed MPCI framework can provide a systems-level bridge between yogic principles and modern physiological modelling, offering a computational foundation for future empirical studies in neuroscience, physiology, and clinical research.

This issue of ‘Towards Unification of Sciences,’ makes good progress into the fourth year in spite of monsoon rain. 

By

Dr. Raja Kishore Paramguru